UkrainianProfessional Education

Abstract

The role of transport has been high at all times of history and in almost all countries. Currently, Ukraine has a developed powerful transport system, a large share of which is road transport. Its importance in the lives of Ukrainians is difficult to overestimate: from individual civilian transportation to transportation at the front. In addition to positive factors, cars have, unfortunately, negative ones. One of the negative factors of cars is environmental noise pollution. Given the fact that over the past decade in Ukraine the number of cars and the density of traffic flows have significantly increased, the problem of noise pollution is becoming increasingly relevant. It is especially acute in cities. The negative impact of noise on people cannot be underestimated, since it is one of the most important factors that determines the conditions of work and recreation of people. With prolonged exposure, noise causes irreversible hearing loss (hearing loss), has a harmful effect on the nervous system, destroys the gastrointestinal tract, has a detrimental effect on the human psyche, reduces visual acuity, disrupts the cardiovascular system, reduces labor productivity, and creates a risk of accidents due to the indistinctness of sound signals and misunderstanding of spoken language. Cars annoy citizens the most in terms of excessive noise in traffic flows. There are several ways to combat traffic noise: first, by reducing the external noise levels of each of the cars that make up the traffic flow; second, not to place buildings close to highways; third, to fence off highways from residential buildings with noise-protection structures. This paper considers the latter option, since the first two are extremely difficult to implement. If the noise-protection structure is no more than half a meter thick, it is usually called a noise-protection screen. In some cases, it is advisable to install such screens between opposite lanes of highways. This will give an additional acoustic effect. Such noise protection screens must necessarily have high sound-absorbing properties, which means that the latter cannot be made of solid concrete. As the experience of experimental studies of transport noise has shown, it is necessary to pay serious attention to the low-frequency component of the latter. Especially if a high-speed tram runs parallel to the highway in the city, as it actually does on the right bank of the city of Kyiv. To reduce the low-frequency component, a non-trivial approach is required, which is what is considered in this work

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