UkrainianProfessional Education

Abstract

To reduce the negative impact of the vehicle on the road surface, its maximum axle load is limited to the legal level. At the same time, when the car is moving on an uneven road, its dynamic load on the road surface can both exceed the static load by several times and decrease to zero (the separation of the wheel from the supporting surface). At the same time, the elastic tire is deformed in different directions, which is accompanied by forces and moments that are transmitted to the car's steering system and its suspension through the rim, disc and hub. This can lead not only to fluctuations in the sprung and unsprung mass of the car (affecting the smoothness of the ride, fuel economy, etc.) and changing its direction of movement (loss of stability and controllability), but also to further destruction of the road surface. It is worth noting that the deviation of the values of the dynamic load of car wheels on the road surface from the static one largely depends on the speed of overcoming road irregularities. The article presents the results of theoretical studies of the motion of an average passenger car that overcomes road irregularities with its left-hand wheels. Different speeds for overcoming road irregularities were studied, starting with 30 km/h and ending with a speed of 120 km/h. The dependence of the change in the normal reactions of the support surface on the wheels of the car from the traveled distance was determined. In order to understand the formation of the load from the car on the road surface, an analysis of graphical dependencies describing the working processes of the suspensions of its wheels, which overcome road unevenness, was carried out. The obtained data allow us to analyze and evaluate the influence of the working processes of the suspension of the wheels of the car and the speed of overcoming road irregularities on the formation of the load acting on the road surface

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